communes de france

France Cadastre compile les données territoriales de plus de 32.864 communes dont les collectivités d'outre-mer. Second, the United States, with a territory fourteen times larger than that of the French Republic, and nearly five times its population, had 35,937 incorporated municipalities and townships at the 2002 Census of Governments, fewer than that of the French Republic. [13], These impressive results however may hide a murkier reality. Communes de france - Base des codes postaux Ce jeu de données a été publié le 28 mai 2019 et mis à jour le 31 mai 2019 à l'initiative et sous la responsabilité de Mohamed BADAOUI Enrichissement du fichier fourni par la Poste avec les noms de régions, départements et commune en lettre minuscule ainsi que leurs codes INSEE respectifs. Friendly relations with Mexico, Georgia and Bharitya Commune. Data. [citation needed], Two famous examples of this are Toulouse and Paris. La France est le pays qui comprend le plus grand nombre de communes par rapport à ses amis europeens (allemagne avec un peu plus 11000 ,espagne et italie 8000) La superficie n'entre pas en compte lors de la création d'une commune. As of January 2015, there were 36,681 communes in France, 36,552 of them in metropolitan France and 129 of them overseas. Les comptes 2016-2019 des communes : données agrégées 2018. Communes vary widely in size and area, from large sprawling cities with millions of inhabitants like Paris, to small hamlets with only a handful of inhabitants. The median population of metropolitan France's communes at the 1999 census was 380 inhabitants. Commune of France is the leader of the Syndicalist Internationale and maintains good relations with almost all socialist countries and major socialist movements (such as the CNT-FAI) around the world. These structures have been left untouched by the Chevènement law, and they are on the decline. Consequently, the Alsace region—despite having a land area only one-fifth the size and a total population only one-sixth of that of its neighbor Baden-Württemberg—has almost as many municipalities. Communes 2004: 01/01/2005: 1:1 Million: Communes 2001: 01/01/2002: 1:1 Million: News. En France, la commune est une collectivité territoriale1, consistant en un territoire administré par une municipalité, formée par un conseil municipal, le maire ainsi que, le cas échéant, un ou plusieurs adjoints. Structures with fiscal power. As for Paris, no intercommunal structure has emerged there, the suburbs of Paris fearing the concept of a "Greater Paris," and so disunity still is the rule in the metropolitan area, with the suburbs of Paris creating many different intercommunal structures all without the city. French administrative divisions, however, have remained extremely rigid and unchanged. Since then, tremendous changes have affected France, as they have the rest of Europe: the Industrial Revolution, two world wars, and the rural exodus have all depopulated the countryside and increased the size of cities. From 41,000 communes at the time of the French Revolution, the number decreased to 37,963 in 1921, to 36,569 in 2008 (in metropolitan France). Communes gather and contribute financially to the syndicate, but the syndicate cannot levy its own taxes. Suburban communes often team up with the city at the core of their urban area to form a community charged with managing public transport or even administering the collection of local taxes. They usually group into the same commune several villages or towns, often with sizeable distances among them. Ainsi, au 1er janvier 2020, la France ne comptait plus que 34 951 communes hors Mayotte et COM, ou 34 968 communes en incluant les 17 communes de Mayotte. Typically, villagers would gather to decide over a special issue regarding the community, such as agricultural land usage, but there existed no permanent municipal body. There have long been calls in France for a massive merger of communes, including by such distinguished voices as the president of the Cour des Comptes (the central auditing administrative body in France). Six of the French villages destroyed in the First World War have never been rebuilt. Some in the National Assembly were opposed to such a fragmentation of France into thousands of communes, but eventually Mirabeau and his ideas of one commune for each parish prevailed. News releases Release calendar What's new? As a consequence, civil servants and bureaucrats are the ones setting up the agenda and implementing it, with the elected representatives of the communes only endorsing key decisions. Again this is a very small number, and here France stands absolutely apart in Europe, with the lowest communes' median population of all the European countries (communes in Switzerland or Rhineland-Palatinate may have a smaller surface area, as mentioned above, but they are more populated). Les trois plus importantes communes, Paris, Lyon et Marseille, ont un statut particulier vis… Beaucoup de gentilés sont formés en ajoutant au nom de la commune, les suffixes « ais », « ois », « iens » ou « ains ». The commune is the lowest administrative division in France. All publications Statistics Explained; About us. Unlike the only partially successful statute enacted in 1966 and enabling urban communes to form urban communities, or the more marked failure of the Marcellin law of 1971, the Chevènement law met with a large measure of success, so that a majority of French communes are now involved in intercommunal structures. Les uns voient la forme ou l'ordre des t… As of January 1, 2008, there were 36,781 communes in France, 36,569 of them in metropolitan France and 212 of them in overseas France. The most populous commune of the French Republic is the commune of Paris: 2,125,246 inhabitants in March 1999. The most extreme example of this is Paris, where the urbanized area sprawls over 396 communes. To better grasp the staggering number of communes in France, two comparisons can be made: First, of the original 15 member states of the European Union there are approximately 75,000 communes; France alone, which comprises 16 percent of the population of the EU-15, had nearly half of its communes. Diversité des données Consultez tous les types de cadatres : parcelles, bâtiments, communes, feuilles parcellaires, lieux-dits, sections, etc. Thus, they set out to establish administrative divisions that would be uniform across the country: the whole of France would be divided into départements, themselves divided into arrondissements, themselves divided into cantons, themselves divided into communes, no exceptions. Comptes individuels des communes à partir de 2000 2019. (1) Within the current limits of metropolitan France, which existed between 1860 and 1871 and from 1919 to today. The Revolutionaries were inspired by Cartesian ideas as well as by the philosophy of the Enlightenment. Several other cities of France quickly followed suit, and communes arose everywhere, each with their municipal guard. Communities of communes are given the least money per inhabitant, whereas urban communities are given the most money per inhabitant, thus pushing communes to form more integrated communities where they have fewer powers, which they might otherwise have been loath to do if it were not for government money. The median area of metropolitan France's communes at the 1999 census was even smaller, at 10.73 square kilometres (4.14 sq mi). The French word commune appeared in the 12th century, from Medieval Latin communia, for a large gathering of people sharing a common life; from Latin communis, 'things held in common'. Vous désirez vous inscrire, avoir des informations supplémentaires ou insérer un de nos logos sur vos pages, alors cliquez la rubrique concernée ! A commune is the smallest and oldest administrative division in France. 86.7 percent of the population of metropolitan France. In many areas, rich communes have joined with other rich communes and have refused to let in poorer communes, for fear that their citizens would be overtaxed to the benefit of poorer suburbs. On 14 July 1789, at the end of the afternoon, following the storming of the Bastille, the provost of the merchants of Paris, Jacques de Flesselles, was shot by the crowd on the steps of Paris City Hall. However, for certain purposes there was one échevin or consul ranking above the others, a sort of mayor, although not with the same authority and executive powers as a modern mayor. 50 parishes in the case of Paris), and they were usually enclosed by a defensive wall. The new, larger, commune of Paris was set up under the oversight of Emperor Napoléon III in 1859, but after 1859 the limits of Paris rigidified. (2) Within the current extent of overseas France, which has remained unchanged since the independence of the New Hebrides in 1980. The median area is a better measure of the area of a typical French commune. In this area as in many others, the work of the National Assembly was, properly speaking, revolutionary: not content with transforming all the chartered cities and towns into communes, the National Assembly also decided to turn all the village parishes into full-status communes. Since the PLM Law of 1982, three French communes also have a special status in that they are further divided into municipal arrondissements: these are Paris, Marseille, and Lyon. Elles comportent des contrastes forts, tant sur des aspects démographiques que d’urbanisation. The small Alsace region has more than double the number of municipalities compared to the large and populous state of North Rhine-Westphalia (396 Gemeinden in September 2007). Les 42 communes de Roissy Pays de France représentent 352 112 habitants sur 342 km². Mainly in this category are the traditional syndicates of communes. It shows the distinctive nature of the French commune as a geo-political or administrative entity. This meant that Paris had less autonomy than the smallest village. The rights and obligations of communes are governed by the Code général des collectivités territoriales (CGCT) which replaced the Code des communes (except for personnel matters) with the passage of the law of 21 February 1996 for legislation and decree number 2000-318 of 7 April 2000 for regulations.[10][11]. Some say that, should government money transfers be stopped, many of these communities of communes would revert to their former status of syndicate, or simply completely disappear in places where there were no syndicates prior to the law. This is what the Chevènement law was concerned with, and it distinguished three structures with fiscal power: Apart from the above cases, the communes with the fewest inhabitants in the French Republic are: The largest commune of the French Republic is, The smallest commune of the French Republic is, In metropolitan France the largest commune is the commune of, The commune of the French Republic farthest away from Paris is the commune of, In continental France (i.e. Annuaire des communes de France. Civil marriages were established and started to be performed in the mairie with a ceremony not unlike the traditional one, with the mayor replacing the priest, and the name of the law replacing the name of God ("Au nom de la loi, je vous déclare unis par les liens du mariage." In addition, it offered central government finance aimed at encouraging further communes to join together in intercommunal structures. The following lists give the communes of France within each department: Overseas departments (département d'outre-mer or DOM): Overseas collectivities (collectivité d'outre-mer or COM): Communes of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, Communes of the Alpes-Maritimes department, Communes of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, Communes of the Charente-Maritime department, Communes of the Ille-et-Vilaine department, Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department, Communes of the Loire-Atlantique department, Communes of the Lot-et-Garonne department, Communes of the Maine-et-Loire department, Communes of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department, Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, Communes of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, Communes of the Pyrénées-Orientales department, Communes of the Saône-et-Loire department, Communes of the Seine-Maritime department, Communes of the Seine-et-Marne department, Communes of the Tarn-et-Garonne department, Communes of the Territoire de Belfort department, Communes of the Hauts-de-Seine department, Communes of the Seine-Saint-Denis department, French overseas departments and territories, Category:Communes of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Administrative divisions of French Polynesia, Administrative divisions of New Caledonia, List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants (2010 census), List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants (2006 census), List of the 75 largest cities in France (2012 census), List of communes in France (2008 version), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lists_of_communes_of_France&oldid=930005592, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 December 2019, at 16:41. Following that event, a "commune" of Paris was immediately set up to replace the old medieval chartered city of Paris, and a municipal guard was established to protect Paris against any attempt made by King Louis XVI to quell the ongoing revolution. The two communes in the French Republic with the longest names (38 letters): Three digits (department or collectivity) and two digits (commune) for the, This page was last edited on 4 December 2020, at 15:26. P remière séquence :. Vous pourrez consulter les statistiques de population et de superficie de chaque ville. Even after Paris regained the right to elect its own mayor in 1977, the central government retained control of the Paris police. The complete code has eight digits and three spaces within, but there is a popular simplified code with five digits and no space within: Each commune has a municipal council (conseil municipal) compound of municipal councilors (conseillers municipaux). Aide mots fléchés et mots croisés. The United Kingdom has no exact equivalent, as communes resemble districts in urban areas, but are closer to parishes in rural areas where UK districts are much larger. This high number is typical of metropolitan France but is atypical when compared with other European countries. Avec intercommunalités, cantons 2015, bassins de vie, code postal, population 2014. [citation needed], In urban areas, the new intercommunal structures are much more a reality, being created by local decision-makers out of genuine belief in the worth of working together. Switzerland and the Länder of Rhineland-Palatinate, Schleswig-Holstein, and Thuringia in Germany were the only places in Europe where the communes had a smaller median area than in France. The commune (French pronunciation: ​[kɔmyn]) is a level of administrative division in the French Republic. Communes de France. Most of the communes in Alsace, along with those in other regions of France, have rejected the central government's calls for mergers and rationalization. Syndicates can be set up for a particular purpose or to deal with several simultaneous matters. Communes de france - Base des codes postaux Este conjunto de datos ha sido publicado el 28 de mayo de 2019 y actualizado el 31 de mayo de 2019 bajo la iniciativa y la responsabilidad de Mohamed BADAOUI. This uniformity of status is a legacy of the French Revolution, which wanted to do away with the local idiosyncrasies and tremendous differences of status that existed in the kingdom of France. Par exemple, les enregistrements avec comme valeur "2018" dans le champ Année correspondent aux communes françaises existantes au 1er Janvier 2018. Les finances des communes en 2018 Calls for tenders Ce jeu de données détaille la liste des communes existantes françaises. There is nothing intrinsically different between "town" in English and commune in French. Except for these tasks, villages were left to handle other issues as they pleased. Base de données des communes 2020 des départements de France. Communes are based on historical geographic communities or villages and are vested with significant powers to manage the populations and land of the geographic area covered. Sujet et définition de mots fléchés et mots croisés ⇒ COMMUNE DE FRANCE sur motscroisés.fr toutes les solutions pour l'énigme COMMUNE DE FRANCE. In all other French communes, the municipal police are under the mayor's supervision. This article is about the municipal administrations of France. What the median population tells us is that the vast majority of the French communes only have a few hundred inhabitants; but there are also a small number of communes within much higher populations. Découvrez les communes de France. Type de commune Tous 1 - Commune actuelle 2 - Commune associée 3 - Commune périmée 4 - Chg de département 5 - Arrondt municipal 6 - Commune déléguée 9 - Fraction cantonale Région A communal house had to be built in each of these villages, which would house the meetings of the municipal council as well as the administration of the commune. Thus, in Europe, only Switzerland has as high a density of communes as France, and even there an extensive merger movement has started in the last 10 years. Le Code Officiel Géographique rassemble les codes et libellés des communes, des cantons, des arrondissements, des départements, des régions, des pays et territoires étrangers au 1 er janvier 2020.. Le nombre de communes en France, est en fréquente modification, généralement à la baisse, du fait des fusions et scissions de communes. Présence de monuments historiques et de musées, d'activités sur la ville. European France excluding, The commune of the French Republic with the shortest name is the commune of. During the revolution, approximately 41,000 communes were created,[12] on territory corresponding to the limits of modern-day France (the 41,000 figure includes the communes of the departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie and Alpes-Maritimes which were annexed in 1795, but does not include the departments of modern-day Belgium and Germany west of the Rhine, which were part of France between 1795 and 1815). La croissance plus rapide de ces communes dans la périphérie des principales villes témoigne de la poursuite de l’étalement urbain. These municipal arrondissements are not to be confused with the arrondissements that are subdivisions of French départements: French communes are considered legal entities, whereas municipal arrondissements, by contrast, have no official capacity and no budget of their own. On 20 September 1792, the recording of births, marriages, and deaths also was withdrawn as a responsibility of the priests of the parishes and handed to the mayors. Unlike most other European countries, which stringently merged their communes to better reflect modern-day densities of population (such as Germany and Italy around 1970), dramatically decreasing the number of communes in the process – the Gemeinden of West Germany were decreased from 24,400 to 8,400 in the space of a few years – France only carried out mergers at the margin, and those were mostly carried out during the 19th century. Communes de France Recherchez une ville par département : 01 Ain; 02 Aisne; 03 Allier; 04 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence; 05 Hautes-Alpes; 06 Alpes-Maritimes In metropolitan France 57 percent of the 36,683 communes[5] have fewer than 500 inhabitants and, with 4,638,000 inhabitants, these smaller communes constitute just 7.7 percent of the total population. It would take Napoleon I to re-establish peace in France, stabilize the new administrative system, and make it generally accepted by the population. Usually, there was no mayor in the modern sense; all the échevins or consuls were on equal footing, and rendered decisions collegially. Except for the municipal arrondissements of its largest cities, the communes are the lowest level of administrative division in France and are governed by elected officials (mayor and a "conseil municipal") with extensive autonomous powers to implement national policy. All are found in the département of Meuse, and were destroyed during the Battle of Verdun in 1916. Paris in fact was one of the very few communes of France whose limits were extended to take into account the expansion of the urbanized area. Le gentilé est le nom donné aux habitants d'une commune. Declared hostility against the French government in exile, G… Une aide pour la généalogie, avec accès aux archives départementales et communales de France. One problem is that mergers reduce the number of available elected positions, and thus are not popular with local politicians. Il y a environ 36.000 communes au total à travers le pays. Découvrez dans ce classement les noms de communes les plus drôles de France. • Paris is the most populous commune of France with 2,265,886 residents as of 2012. Usually, one contained only a building committee (conseil de fabrique), made up of villagers, which managed the buildings of the parish church, the churchyard, and the other numerous church estates and properties, and sometimes also provided help for the poor, or even administered parish hospitals or schools. The biggest changes occurred in 1831, when the French Parliament re-established the principle of the election of municipal councils, and in 1837 when French communes were given legal "personality," being now considered legal entities with legal capacity. On trouve, parmi les villes les plus importantes du département, les communes d' Abbeville, Albert, Péronne et Doullens. Le nombre de communes en France, est en fréquente modification, généralement à la baisse, du fait des fusions et scissions de communes. So far, however, local conservatism has been strong, and no mandatory merging proposal ever has made it past committee in the French Parliament. Since the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts of 1539 by Francis I, the priest in charge of the parish was also required to record baptisms, marriages, and burials. By way of contrast, in the German states bordering Alsace, the geo-political and administrative areas have been subject to various re-organizations from the 1960s onward. Consultez la liste des Régions, des départements et de toutes les communes de France. France was the most populous country in Europe at this time, with a population of approximately 25 million inhabitants in the late 18th century (England in contrast had only 6 million inhabitants), which accounts for the large number of parishes. A parish was essentially a church, the houses around it (known as the village), and the cultivated land around the village. L es départements et régions de France Evaluation n°1 : Leçons G1 et G2 (Sous mot de passe, merci de lire l’onglet « mot de passe en haut du blog) [citation needed], Moreover, intercommunal structures in many urban areas are still new, and fragile: Tensions exist between communes; the city at the center of the urban area often is suspected of wishing to dominate the suburban communes; communes from opposing political sides also may be suspicious of each other. [7] In comparison, the number of communes in Alsace was only reduced from 945 in 1971[8][9] (just before the Marcellin law aimed at encouraging French communes to merge with each other was passed, see Current debate section below) to 904 in January 2007. This was a real revolution for the thousands of villages that never had experienced organized municipal life before. On 1 January 2007, there were 2,573 such communities in metropolitan France (including five syndicats d'agglomération nouvelle, a category currently being phased out), made up of 33,327 communes (91.1 percent of all the communes of metropolitan France), and 52.86 million inhabitants, i.e. These cities were made up of several parishes (up to ca. Priests were forced to surrender their centuries-old baptism, marriage, and burial books, which were deposited in the mairies. In recent years it has become increasingly common for communes to band together in intercommunal consortia for the provision of such services as refuse collection and water supply. It represents all parts of a town or a village under the same name, for example Paris, Bordeaux or Rennes. [citation needed]. However, in many places local feuds have arisen, and it was not possible to set up an intercommunal structure for the whole of the urban area: some communes refusing to take part in it, or even creating their own structure. Certains gentilés sont plus difficiles à mettre en relation avec la commune correspondante. L es communes de France et Ma commune.. J e vais faire une demande au maire de ma commune pour qu’il accorde une audience à ma classe afin que tout cela soit vraiment du concret.. 2 ème séquence: . In many places, the local feudal lord (seigneur) still had a major influence in the village's affairs, collecting taxes from tenant-villagers and ordering them to work the corvée, controlling which fields were to be used and when, and how much of the harvest should be given to him. Depuis 2007, leur population augmente annuellement de 121 000 habitants. Today about 90 percent of communes and departments are exactly the same as those designed at the time of the French Revolution more than 200 years ago, with the same limits. List of communes 01 Ain: Communes of the Ain department: 02 Aisne: Communes of the … All of these communes would have equal status, they would all have a mayor at their head, and a municipal council elected by the inhabitants of the commune. Although in the Middle Ages the provosts of the merchants symbolized the independence of Paris and even had openly rebelled against King Charles V, their office had been suppressed by the king, then reinstated but with strict control from the king, and so they had ended up being viewed by the people as yet another representative of the king, no longer the embodiment of a free municipality.

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